1. Conceptual Models for HIV & Employment Services
Conyers, L. M. (2018). A client-focused considering work model for people with emerging or episodic illnesses. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 48(3), 331–343. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-180942
Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2017). Validating the client-focused considering work model for people living with HIV and quantifying phases of change of commitment to work. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(11), 1087–1096. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2016.1180433
Hergenrather, K.C. & Rhodes, S.D. (2008). Consumers with HIV/AIDS: Applications of
theory to explore beliefs impacting employment. Journal of Rehabilitation, 74(1),32-42. https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgrrrpe/27/2/108.abstract
.
Oliver, B. W. (2014). Work in Progress: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Successful Vocational Experiences of People living with HIV in Canada. https://doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/28722
Stevens, M. E., & Nixon, S. A. (2016). Research on rehabilitation interventions for adults living with HIV: A scoping review. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 39(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1097/MRR.0000000000000166
Trujillo, M. (2010). Persons Living with HIV/AIDS Contemplating a Return to Work: A Social Cognitive Career Theory and Constructivist Theory Perspective. Journal of Rehabilitation, 76(1), 51–56.
NWPC Research Bibliography on HIV and Employment
2. HIV & Employment Policies
Banu, O. (2012). Employment Policies for the Young People Infected with Hiv/Aids. Journal of Community Positive Practices, 12(2), 278–302.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2017). HIV and AIDS and the workplace: What you should know: Employees, coworkers, and supervisors. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/49899
Chatora, B., Chibanda, H., Kampata, L., & Wilbroad, M. (2018). HIV/AIDS workplace policy addressing epidemic drivers through workplace programs. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 180. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5072-y
Conyers, L., & Boomer, K. B. (2017). Evaluating the relative impact of State Vocational Rehabilitation and American Job Centers on contributing to the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47(2), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170890
Commission, U. S. E. E. O. (2010). Recommendations and Plan for Implementation of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. http://aids.gov/federal-resources/policies/national-hiv-aids-strategy/letter-agencies.html.
Health, N. Y. S. D. of. (2015). The Blueprint to End AIDS (pp. 26, – 64).
The Intersections of Work, Health, Diversity, and Social Justice: Helping People Living With HIV Disease—James L. Werth, Nicole J. Borges, Christopher J. McNally, Colleen P. Maguire, Paula J. Britton, 2008. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2021, from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0011000007309965?casa_token=UfUwEdTwfQQAAAAA:kGOok8-Zsm7daj2jvOS0pjQWj8y_F4bxEQufMcrcEwIzxc_rHg8HhxpH-jYpgdE1Imil2X2Aw92kK1s
International Labour Office (2014). Mainstreaming HIV and AIDS in Youth Employment. International Labour Office, Geneva. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aids/documents/publication/wcms_239495.pdf
McMahon, B. T., & Hurley, J. E. (2008). Discrimination in Hiring Under the Americans with Disabilities Act: An Overview of the National EEOC ADA Research Project. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 18(2), 103–105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-008-9137-0
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. New York City HIV/AIDS Annual Surveillance Statistics. 2019 [cited 2019 December 10]; Available from: http://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/data/data-sets/hiv-aids-annual-surveillance-statistics.page.
Tran, B. X., Nguyen, L. H., Vu, G. T., Fleming, M., & Latkin, C. A. (2018). Workability of patients with HIV/AIDS in Northern Vietnam: A societal perspective on the impact of treatment program. AIDS Care, 30(12), 1532–1537. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1510098
3. Employment Services for People Living With HIV
Employment Needs of PLWH
Annequin, M., Lert, F., Spire, B., & Dray-Spira, R. (2015). Has the employment status of people living with HIV changed since the early 2000s? AIDS, 29(12), 1537–1547. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000722
Annequin, M., Lert, F., Spire, B., & Dray-Spira, R. (2016). Increase in Unemployment over the 2000’s: Comparison between People Living with HIV and the French General Population. PLoS ONE, 11(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165634
Elzi, L., Conen, A., Patzen, A., Fehr, J., Cavassini, M., Calmy, A., Schmid, P., Bernasconi, E., Furrer, H., Battegay, M., the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group, Barth, J., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Bürgisser, P., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., … for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group. (2016). Ability to Work and Employment Rates in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1-Infected Individuals Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 3(ofw022). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofw022
Groß, M., Herr, A., Hower, M., Kuhlmann, A., Mahlich, J., & Stoll, M. (2016). Unemployment, health, and education of HIV-infected males in Germany. International Journal of Public Health, 61(5), 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0750-3
Legarth, R., Omland, L. H., Kronborg, G., Larsen, C. S., Pedersen, C., Pedersen, G., Dragsted, U. B., Gerstoft, J., & Obel, N. (2014). Employment status in persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark: 1996-2011. AIDS (London, England), 28(10), 1489–1498. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000257
Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., Clark, G. (2005). The employment perspectives study: Identifying factors influencing job-seeking behavior of persons living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Education and Prevention, 17(2), 132-144.
Maulsby, C. H., Ratnayake, A., Hesson, D., Mugavero, M. J., & Latkin, C. A. (2020). A Scoping Review of Employment and HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 24(10), 2942–2955. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02845-x
Özdemir, H. Ö., Tosun, S., Özdemir, D., & Korkmaz, E. (2020). The determinants of employability of people living with HIV/AIDS in Turkey. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 63(1), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23056
Perri, M., Neil, A. C., Gaspar, M., Hunter, C., Kendall, C., Alexander, O., & Pinto, A. D. (2021). A qualitative study of barriers to employment experienced by people living with HIV in Toronto and Ottawa. International Journal for Equity in Health, 20(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01356-4
Rodger, A. J., Brecker, N., Bhagani, S., Fernandez, T., Johnson, M., Tookman, A., & Bartley, A. (2010). Attitudes and barriers to employment in HIV-positive patients. Occupational Medicine, 60(6), 423–429. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq077
Employment Service Models
Chiu, Y.-C., Conyers, L. M., Eissenstat, S. J., & Misrok, M. (2020). Foundations for Living: Evaluation of an Integrated Employment and Housing Program for People Living With HIV. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 0034355220962175. https://doi.org/10.1177/0034355220962175
Conyers, L., Chiu, Y.-C., Shamburger-Rousseau, A., Johnson, V., & Misrok, M. (2015). Common Threads: An Integrated HIV Prevention and Vocational Development Intervention for African American Women Living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 7(7). https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol7/iss7/9
Hill, B. J., Motley, D. N., Rosentel, K., VandeVusse, A., Garofalo, R., Kuhns, L. M., Kipke, M. D., Reisner, S., Rupp, B., Goolsby, R. W., McCumber, M., Renshaw, L., & Schneider, J. A. (2020). Work2Prevent, an Employment Intervention Program as HIV Prevention for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Youth of Color (Phase 3): Protocol for a Single-Arm Community-Based Trial to Assess Feasibility and Acceptability in a Real-World Setting. JMIR Research Protocols, 9(9), e18051. https://doi.org/10.2196/18051
Hergenrather, K. C., Geishecker, S., Clark, G., & Rhodes, S. D. (2013). A Pilot Test of the HOPE Intervention to Explore Employment and Mental Health Among African American Gay Men Living With HIV/AIDS: Results From a CBPR Study. AIDS Education and Prevention, 25(5), 405–422. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2013.25.5.405
Wagener, M. N., Roelofs, P. D. D. M., Miedema, H. S., Brandjes, D. P. M., Dahmen, R., & Gorp, E. C. M. van. (2015). The development of a multidisciplinary, evidence-based guideline for “HIV and employment.” AIDS Care, 27(2), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.952612
Simoni, J. M., Nelson, K. M., Franks, J. C., Yard, S. S., & Lehavot, K. (2011). Are peer interventions for HIV efficacious? A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior, 15(8), 1589–1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-9963-5
Vocational Rehabilitation
Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2014). Examining the role of vocational rehabilitation on access to care and public health outcomes for people living with HIV/AIDS. Disability and Rehabilitation, 36(14), 1203–1210. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2013.837968
Conyers, L., & Boomer, K. B. (2017). Evaluating the relative impact of State Vocational Rehabilitation and American Job Centers on contributing to the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47(2), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170890
Diallo, A., Vang, C., Rivas, B., Aguirre, A., Flowers, C., & Kwan, N. (2017). The Use of Employment/Vocational Rehabilitation Services for Persons with HIV/AIDS and Substance Abuse: A potential Health Benefit. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 48(4), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.48.4.28
Gómez, W., Flentje, A., Schustack, A., Ramirez-Forcier, J., Andrews, B., Dilworth, S. E., Riley, E. D., Curotto, A., & Carrico, A. W. (2016). Navigating Barriers to Vocational Rehabilitation for HIV-Positive Persons. AIDS and Behavior, 20(5), 1132–1142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1261-1
Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., & McDaniel, R. S. (2005). Correlates of job
placement: Public rehabilitation counselors and consumers living with AIDS. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 48(3), 94-115.
Mamboleo, G., Bengtson, K., Jia-Rung Wu, Kaya, C., Johnson, E. T., Xiaolei Tang, Yaghmaian, R., & Fong Chan. (2017). Vocational Rehabilitation Services Tailored to Employment Status of Prime Working-Age Adults with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Rehabilitation, 83(3), 28–36.
Annequin, M., Lert, F., Spire, B., & Dray-Spira, R. (2016). Increase in Unemployment over the 2000’s: Comparison between People Living with HIV and the French General Population. PLoS ONE, 11(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165634
Elzi, L., Conen, A., Patzen, A., Fehr, J., Cavassini, M., Calmy, A., Schmid, P., Bernasconi, E., Furrer, H., Battegay, M., the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group, Barth, J., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Bürgisser, P., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., … for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group. (2016). Ability to Work and Employment Rates in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1-Infected Individuals Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 3(ofw022). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofw022
Groß, M., Herr, A., Hower, M., Kuhlmann, A., Mahlich, J., & Stoll, M. (2016). Unemployment, health, and education of HIV-infected males in Germany. International Journal of Public Health, 61(5), 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0750-3
Legarth, R., Omland, L. H., Kronborg, G., Larsen, C. S., Pedersen, C., Pedersen, G., Dragsted, U. B., Gerstoft, J., & Obel, N. (2014). Employment status in persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark: 1996-2011. AIDS (London, England), 28(10), 1489–1498. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000257
Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., Clark, G. (2005). The employment perspectives study: Identifying factors influencing job-seeking behavior of persons living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Education and Prevention, 17(2), 132-144.
Maulsby, C. H., Ratnayake, A., Hesson, D., Mugavero, M. J., & Latkin, C. A. (2020). A Scoping Review of Employment and HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 24(10), 2942–2955. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02845-x
Özdemir, H. Ö., Tosun, S., Özdemir, D., & Korkmaz, E. (2020). The determinants of employability of people living with HIV/AIDS in Turkey. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 63(1), 92–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23056
Perri, M., Neil, A. C., Gaspar, M., Hunter, C., Kendall, C., Alexander, O., & Pinto, A. D. (2021). A qualitative study of barriers to employment experienced by people living with HIV in Toronto and Ottawa. International Journal for Equity in Health, 20(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01356-4
Rodger, A. J., Brecker, N., Bhagani, S., Fernandez, T., Johnson, M., Tookman, A., & Bartley, A. (2010). Attitudes and barriers to employment in HIV-positive patients. Occupational Medicine, 60(6), 423–429. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqq077
Employment Service Models
Chiu, Y.-C., Conyers, L. M., Eissenstat, S. J., & Misrok, M. (2020). Foundations for Living: Evaluation of an Integrated Employment and Housing Program for People Living With HIV. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 0034355220962175. https://doi.org/10.1177/0034355220962175
Conyers, L., Chiu, Y.-C., Shamburger-Rousseau, A., Johnson, V., & Misrok, M. (2015). Common Threads: An Integrated HIV Prevention and Vocational Development Intervention for African American Women Living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 7(7). https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol7/iss7/9
Hill, B. J., Motley, D. N., Rosentel, K., VandeVusse, A., Garofalo, R., Kuhns, L. M., Kipke, M. D., Reisner, S., Rupp, B., Goolsby, R. W., McCumber, M., Renshaw, L., & Schneider, J. A. (2020). Work2Prevent, an Employment Intervention Program as HIV Prevention for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Youth of Color (Phase 3): Protocol for a Single-Arm Community-Based Trial to Assess Feasibility and Acceptability in a Real-World Setting. JMIR Research Protocols, 9(9), e18051. https://doi.org/10.2196/18051
Hergenrather, K. C., Geishecker, S., Clark, G., & Rhodes, S. D. (2013). A Pilot Test of the HOPE Intervention to Explore Employment and Mental Health Among African American Gay Men Living With HIV/AIDS: Results From a CBPR Study. AIDS Education and Prevention, 25(5), 405–422. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2013.25.5.405
Wagener, M. N., Roelofs, P. D. D. M., Miedema, H. S., Brandjes, D. P. M., Dahmen, R., & Gorp, E. C. M. van. (2015). The development of a multidisciplinary, evidence-based guideline for “HIV and employment.” AIDS Care, 27(2), 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.952612
Simoni, J. M., Nelson, K. M., Franks, J. C., Yard, S. S., & Lehavot, K. (2011). Are peer interventions for HIV efficacious? A systematic review. AIDS and Behavior, 15(8), 1589–1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-9963-5
Vocational Rehabilitation
Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2014). Examining the role of vocational rehabilitation on access to care and public health outcomes for people living with HIV/AIDS. Disability and Rehabilitation, 36(14), 1203–1210. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2013.837968
Conyers, L., & Boomer, K. B. (2017). Evaluating the relative impact of State Vocational Rehabilitation and American Job Centers on contributing to the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47(2), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170890
Diallo, A., Vang, C., Rivas, B., Aguirre, A., Flowers, C., & Kwan, N. (2017). The Use of Employment/Vocational Rehabilitation Services for Persons with HIV/AIDS and Substance Abuse: A potential Health Benefit. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 48(4), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.48.4.28
Gómez, W., Flentje, A., Schustack, A., Ramirez-Forcier, J., Andrews, B., Dilworth, S. E., Riley, E. D., Curotto, A., & Carrico, A. W. (2016). Navigating Barriers to Vocational Rehabilitation for HIV-Positive Persons. AIDS and Behavior, 20(5), 1132–1142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1261-1
Hergenrather, K. C., Rhodes, S. D., & McDaniel, R. S. (2005). Correlates of job
placement: Public rehabilitation counselors and consumers living with AIDS. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 48(3), 94-115.
Mamboleo, G., Bengtson, K., Jia-Rung Wu, Kaya, C., Johnson, E. T., Xiaolei Tang, Yaghmaian, R., & Fong Chan. (2017). Vocational Rehabilitation Services Tailored to Employment Status of Prime Working-Age Adults with HIV/AIDS. Journal of Rehabilitation, 83(3), 28–36.
4. Employment, Health Status, & Health-Related Quality of Life
Carlander, C., Wagner, P., Yilmaz, A., Sparén, P., & Svedhem, V. (2021). Employment by HIV status, mode of HIV transmission and migrant status: A nation-wide population-based study. AIDS, 35(1), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002724
Coduti, W. A., Eissenstat, S. J., & Conyers, L. M. (2018). Linking hope factors, barriers to employment and health outcomes for individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Work, 61(2), 225–236. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-182794
Conyers, L. M., Richardson, L. A., Datti, P. A., Koch, L. C., & Misrok, M. (2017). A Critical Review of Health, Social, and Prevention Outcomes Associated With Employment for People Living With HIV. AIDS Education and Prevention, 29(5), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2017.29.5.475
Dray-Spira, R., Legeai, C., Le Den, M., Boué, F., Lascoux-Combe, C., Simon, A., May, T., Goujard, C., Meyer, L., & ANRS-COPANA Cohort Study Group. (2012). Burden of HIV disease and comorbidities on the chances of maintaining employment in the era of sustained combined antiretoviral therapies use. AIDS (London, England), 26(2), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834dcf61
Nachega, J. B., Uthman, O. A., Peltzer, K., Richardson, L. A., Mills, E. J., Amekudzi, K., & Ouédraogo, A. (2015). Association between antiretroviral therapy adherence and employment status: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 93(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.14.138149
Rzeszutek, M. (2018). Health-related quality of life and coping strategies among people living with HIV: The moderating role of gender. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 21(3), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-017-0801-2
Rzeszutek, M. (2018). Health-related quality of life and coping strategies among people living with HIV: The moderating role of gender. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 21(3), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-017-0801-2
Rueda, S., Raboud, J., Rourke, S. B., Bekele, T., Bayoumi, A., Lavis, J., Cairney, J., & Mustard, C. (2012). Influence of employment and job security on physical and mental health in adults living with HIV: cross-sectional analysis. Open Medicine: A Peer-Reviewed, Independent, Open-Access Journal, 6(4), e118-126.
Mamboleo, G., Mugoya, G. T., Nauser, J., Molder, A., Connor, F., Scott, O., & Teague, C. (2018). Influence of Employment on Quality of Life Outcomes Among People with HIV/AIDS in Rural Appalachia. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 49(3), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.49.3.20
Torres-Madriz, G., Lerner, D., Ruthazer, R., Rogers, W. H., & Wilson, I. B. (2011). Work-related Barriers and Facilitators to Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Persons Living with HIV Infection. AIDS and Behavior, 15(7), 1475–1482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9667-2
Thirumurthy, H., Chamie, G., Jain, V., Kabami, J., Kwarisiima, D., Clark, T. D., Geng, E., Petersen, M. L., Charlebois, E. D., Kamya, M. R., & Havlir, D. V. (2013). Improved employment and education outcomes in households of HIV-infected adults with high CD4 counts: Evidence from a community health campaign in Uganda. AIDS (London, England), 27(4). https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835c54d8
Woods, S. P., Weber, E., Weisz, B. M., Twamley, E. W., & Grant, I. (2011). Prospective memory deficits are associated with unemployment in persons living with HIV infection. Rehabilitation Psychology, 56(1), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022753
Vance, D. E., Cody, S. L., Yoo-Jeong, M., Jones, G. “Lynn” D., & Nicholson, W. C. (2015). The Role of Employment on Neurocognitive Reserve in Adults With HIV: A Review of the Literature. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 26(4), 316–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2015.04.003
5. Employment As A Social Determinant of Health
Burch, L. S., Smith, C. J., Anderson, J., Sherr, L., Rodger, A. J., O’Connell, R., Geretti, A.-M., Gilson, R., Fisher, M., Elford, J., Jones, M., Collins, S., Azad, Y., Phillips, A. N., Speakman, A., Johnson, M. A., & Lampe, F. C. (2016). Socioeconomic status and treatment outcomes for individuals with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in the UK: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. The Lancet Public Health, 1(1), e26–e36. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(16)30002-0
Dean, L. T., Nonyane, B. A. S., Ugoji, C., Visvanathan, K., Jacobson, L. P., & Lau, B. (2020). Economic Burden Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV or Living Without HIV in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999), 85(4), 436–443. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002478
Logie, C. H., Jenkinson, J. I. R., Earnshaw, V., Tharao, W., & Loutfy, M. R. (2016). A Structural Equation Model of HIV-Related Stigma, Racial Discrimination, Housing Insecurity and Wellbeing among African and Caribbean Black Women Living with HIV in Ontario, Canada. PLOS ONE, 11(9), e0162826. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162826
Kordovski, V. M., Woods, S. P., Verduzco, M., & Beltran, J. (2017). The effects of aging and HIV disease on employment status and functioning. Rehabilitation Psychology, 62(4), 591–599. https://doi.org/10.1037/rep0000175
Mabweazara, S. Z., Leach, L. L., Ley, C., Onagbiye, S. O., Dave, J. A., Levitt, N. S., & Lambert, E. V. (2019). Demographic and socio-economic predictors of physical activity among people living with HIV of low socio-economic status. Health SA Gesondheid, 24. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/hsa/article/view/193846
Wagener, M. N., van den Dries, L., Van Exel, J., Miedema, H. S., van Gorp, E. C. M., & Roelofs, P. D. D. M. (2017). Determinants of Employment in People Living with HIV in the Netherlands. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-016-9692-8
Hergenrather, K. C., Geishecker, S., Clark, G, & Rhodes, S. (2014). Employment as a
social determinant of health: An urban partnership’s experience with intervention development and implementation using CBPR. In S. Rhodes (Ed.) Innovations in HIV prevention and practice through community engagement. New York: Springer.
Hergenrather, K. C., Zeglin, R. J., McGuire-Kuletz, M., & Rhodes, S. D. (2015). Employment as a Social Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies Exploring the Relationship Between Employment Status and Physical Health. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 29(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.29.1.2
Hergenrather, K. C., Zeglin, R. J., Conyers, L., Misrok, M., & Rhodes, S. D. (2016). Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: Employment as a Social Determinant of Health. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education, 30(1), 4–31. https://doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.30.1.4
Hergenrather, K.C., McGuire-Kuletz, M., Emmauel, A. D., & Rhodes, S.D. (2018) Employment as a social determinant of health: Exploring the relationship between neurocognitive function and employment status. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 32(2) 101-122.
6. Mental Health & Employment
Dunleavy, S., Aidala, A. A., & Yomogida, M. (2019). Medical, Mental Health, and Social Service Linkage Predict Better HIV Outcomes: A Network Analytic Approach. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 33(12), 538–548. https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2019.0086
Hergenrather, K. C., Zeglin, R., McGuire-Kuletz, M., & Rhodes, S. D. (2015). Employment as a social determinant of health: A systematic review of longitudinal studies exploring the relationship between employment status and mental health. Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 29(3), 261-290.
McElhiney, M. C., Rabkin, J. G., Daughters, S. B., Timperlake, E. C., & Wainberg, M. L. (2019). Returning to work after fatigue treatment and counseling in HIV/AIDS. Work, 64(4), 843–852. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-193046
Razzano, L. A., Hamilton, M. M., Yost, C., Pashka, N. J., & Perloff, J. K. (2015). Employment Outcomes for Individuals With HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Mental Health Factors. American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 18(1), 19–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487768.2015.1001700
Rueda, S., Raboud, J., Rourke, S. B., Bekele, T., Bayoumi, A., Lavis, J., Cairney, J., & Mustard, C. (2012). Influence of employment and job security on physical and mental health in adults living with HIV: Cross-sectional analysis. Open Medicine, 6(4), e118–e126.
Rueda, S., Raboud, J., Rourke, S. B., Bekele, T., Bayoumi, A., Lavis, J., Cairney, J., & Mustard, C. (2012). Influence of employment and job security on physical and mental health in adults living with HIV: Cross-sectional analysis. Open Medicine, 6(4), e118–e126.
Rueda, S., Smith, P., Bekele, T., O'Brien, K., Husbands, W., Li, A., ... & ECHO Study Team. (2015). Is any job better than no job? Labor market experiences and depressive symptoms in people living with HIV. AIDS care, 27(7), 907-915. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2015.1015479
Ware, D., Rueda, S., Plankey, M., Surkan, P., Okafor, C. N., Teplin, L., & Friedman, M. R. (2020). The longitudinal impact of employment, retirement and disability status on depressive symptoms among men living with HIV in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. PLOS ONE, 15(10), e0239291. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239291
7. Workplace Issues
Workplace Discrimination
Bay, O., & Mykitiuk, R. (2020). Confronting Episodic Disability in the Workplace: The Canadian Experience. In The Palgrave Handbook of Disability at Work (pp. 45–62). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42966-9_3
Conyers, L. M., Unger, D., & Rumrill, Jr. (2005). A comparison of equal employment opportunity commission case resolution patterns of people with HIV/AIDS and other disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 22(3), 171–178.
Liu, Y., Canada, K., Shi, K., & Corrigan, P. (2012). HIV-related stigma acting as predictors of unemployment of people living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care, 24(1), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2011.596512
Kassile, T., Anicetus, H., & Kukula, R. (2015). HIV/AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination in Workplaces in Tanzania. Rwanda Journal, 2(1), 31–41. https://doi.org/10.4314/rjhs.v2i1.4F
McMahon, B. T., Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2005). Workplace discrimination and HIV/AIDS: The national EEOC ADA research project. Work, 25(1), 37–48.
Moalusi, K. P. (2018). Employees’ experiences of the stigma of HIV in a retail organisation: Secrecy, privacy or trust? African Journal of AIDS Research, 17(4), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.1536671
Tsoka, C., & Mwanri, L. (2014). The workplace and HIV-related stigma: Implications for public health prevention and control policies and programs in Malawi. Australasian Review of African Studies, The. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.710969467933744
Accommodation
dos Santos, M. M., Kruger, P., Mellors, S. E., Wolvaardt, G., & van der Ryst, E. (2014). An exploratory survey measuring stigma and discrimination experienced by people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa: The People Living with HIV Stigma Index. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 80. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-80
McMahon, B. T., Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2005). Workplace discrimination and HIV/AIDS: The national EEOC ADA research project. Work, 25(1), 37–48.
Prince, M. J. (2017). Persons with invisible disabilities and workplace accommodation: Findings from a scoping literature review. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 46(1), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-160844
The Reasonable Accommodation of Employees their Right to Privacy PER in the Workplace C Maimela * 1 Introduction 2 The rationale for and the foundation of the duty of the employer to reasonably accommodate employees with cancer. 2018(21).
Scott, K., Campbell, C., Skovdal, M., Madanhire, C., Nyamukapa, C., & Gregson, S. (2013). What can companies do to support HIV-positive workers? Recommendations for medium- and large-sized African workplaces. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 6(3), 174–188. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-12-2010-0043
Van Eerd, D., Bowring, J., Jetha, A., Breslin, F. C., & Gignac, M. A. M. (2020). Online resources supporting workers with chronic episodic disabilities: An environmental scan. International Journal of Workplace Health Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-08-2020-0137
Disclosure
Adeoye, D. I. (2018). HIV disclosure in the workplace among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. https://uobrep.openrepository.com/handle/10547/623273
Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2005). Factors associated with disclosure of HIV/AIDS to employers among individuals who use job accommodations and those who do not. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 22(3), 189–198.
Restall, G., Simms, A., Etcheverry, E., Roger, K., James, D., Roddy, P., Porch, W., Potts, J., Skitch, D., & Yates, T. (2019). Supporting choices about HIV disclosure in the workplace: A cross-Canada survey of strategies. Work, 64(4), 731–741. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-193035
Obermeyer, C. M., Baijal, P., & Pegurri, E. (2011). Facilitating HIV Disclosure Across Diverse Settings: A Review. American Journal of Public Health, 101(6), 1011–1023. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2010.300102
Stutterheim, S. E., Brands, R., Baas, I., Lechner, L., Kok, G., & Bos, A. E. R. (2017). HIV Status Disclosure in the Workplace: Positive and Stigmatizing Experiences of Health Care Workers Living with HIV. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 28(6), 923–937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2017.06.014
Wagener, M. N., van Opstal, S. E. M., Miedema, H. S., van Gorp, E. C. M., & Roelofs, P. D. D. M. (2017). Work-related stigma and disclosure: A daily challenge for people living with HIV. Work, 58(4), 537–548. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-172650
8. Employment Needs and Interventions for Diverse Populations
African American
Maulsby, C., Parker, L. J., White, J. J., Latkin, C. A., Mugavero, M. J., Flynn, C. P., & German, D. (2020). HIV and employment among Black men who have sex with men in Baltimore. AIDS Care, 32(6), 735–743. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2019.1640847
Logie, C. H., Jenkinson, J. I. R., Earnshaw, V., Tharao, W., & Loutfy, M. R. (2016). A Structural Equation Model of HIV-Related Stigma, Racial Discrimination, Housing Insecurity and Wellbeing among African and Caribbean Black Women Living with HIV in Ontario, Canada. PLOS ONE, 11(9), e0162826. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162826
Wechsberg, W. M., Lam, W. K. K., Zule, W., Hall, G., Middlesteadt, R., & Edwards, J. (2003). Violence, Homelessness, and HIV Risk Among Crack-Using African-American Women. Substance Use & Misuse, 38(3–6), 669–700. https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120017389
Tait, E. (2013). An Investigation into the Lived Experiences of HIV-Positive African Women Living in the UK [Pro_doc, University of East London]. https://doi.org/10.15123/PUB.3976
Latinx
Datti, P. A., Conyers, L. M., & Boomer, K. B. (2013). Factors Affecting Vocational Rehabilitation Service Use among Latino Men with HIV/AIDS: A National Perspective. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 44(3), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.44.3.42
Muñoz-Laboy, M., Severson, N., & Bannan, S. (2014). Occupations, social vulnerability and HIV/STI risk: The case of bisexual Latino men in the New York City metropolitan area. Global Public Health, 9(10), 1167–1183. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2014.961948
Serrano, A. (2015). ``How am I going to work?’’ Barriers to employment for immigrant Latinos and Latinas living with HIV in Toronto. Work, 51(2), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-141978
Women
Carter, A. J., Bourgeois, S., O’Brien, N., Abelsohn, K., Tharao, W., Greene, S., Margolese, S., Kaida, A., Sanchez, M., Palmer, A. K., Cescon, A., Pokomandy, A. de, & Loutfy, M. R. (2013). Women-specific HIV/AIDS services: Identifying and defining the components of holistic service delivery for women living with HIV/AIDS. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 16(1), 17433. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.16.1.17433
Carter, A., Greene, S., Nicholson, V., O’Brien, N., Sanchez, M., Pokomandy, A. de, Loutfy, M., Kaida, A., & Team, C. R. (2015). Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Increasing the Meaningful Involvement of Women Living With HIV/AIDS (MIWA) in the Design and Delivery of HIV/AIDS Services. Health Care for Women International, 36(8), 936–964. https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2014.954703
Logie, C. H., Wang, Y., Marcus, N., Kaida, A., O’Brien, N., Nicholson, V., Webster, K., Conway, T., de Pokomandy, A., & Loutfy, M. (2018). Factors Associated with the Separate and Concurrent Experiences of Food and Housing Insecurity Among Women Living with HIV in Canada. AIDS and Behavior, 22(9), 3100–3110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2119-0
Johnson, E. T., Kaya, C., Chan, F., Dutta, A., Yaghmaian, R., Kundu, M., & Devebakan, N. (2017). Vocational rehabilitation services for African-American women with HIV/AIDS: An examination of acceptance rates and employment outcomes. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 47(2), 235–245. https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-170898
Wise, J. M., Vance, D. E., Heaton, K., Raper, J. L., Konkle-Parker, D., Azuero, A., & Kempf, M.-C. (2021). Employment and Occupational Productivity Among Women Living With HIV: A Conceptual Framework. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 32(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1097/JNC.0000000000000202
Intravenous Drug Users
Richardson, L. A., Milloy, M.-J. S., Kerr, T., Parashar, S., Montaner, J. S. G., & Wood, E. (2014). Employment predicts decreased mortality among HIV-seropositive illicit drug users in a setting of universal HIV care. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68(1), 93–96. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2013-202918
Richardson, L., Small, W., & Kerr, T. (2016). Pathways linking drug use and labour market trajectories: The role of catastrophic events. Sociology of Health & Illness, 38(1), 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.12344
Richardson, L., Mammel, M., Milloy, M.-J., & Hayashi, K. (2019). Employment Cessation, Long Term Labour Market Engagement and HIV Infection Risk Among People Who Inject Drugs in an Urban Canadian Setting. AIDS and Behavior, 23(12), 3267–3276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02472-1
Transgender or Gender-Nonconforming (TGNC)
Barrington, C., Acevedo, R., Donastorg, Y., Perez, M., & Kerrigan, D. (2017). ‘HIV and work don’t go together: Employment as a social determinant of HIV outcomes among men who have sex with men and transgender women in the Dominican Republic. Global Public Health, 12(12), 1506–1521. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2016.1160141
Hill, B. J., Rosentel, K., Bak, T., Silverman, M., Crosby, R., Salazar, L., & Kipke, M. (2017). Exploring Individual and Structural Factors Associated with Employment Among Young Transgender Women of Color Using a No-Cost Transgender Legal Resource Center. Transgender Health, 2(1), 29–34. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2016.0034
Munson, A. J., Davis, D. A., & Barrington, C. (2020). ‘There are no other options for us because of who we are’: Employment and retention in care among gay and bisexual men and transgender women living with HIV in Guatemala. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 0(0), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2020.1718212